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What are the types of electric motors?
1. Classified by type of power supply: they can be divided into DC motors and AC motors.
DC motor:
Based on their structure and operating principles, they can be classified into brushless DC motors and brushed DC motors.
It can further be classified into permanent-magnet DC motors and electromagnetic DC motors.
Permanent-magnet DC motors are further classified, according to the magnet material, into rare-earth, ferrite, and alnico types.
Electromagnetic DC motors are further classified, according to their excitation method, into series‑excited, shunt‑excited, separately‑excited, and compound‑excited DC motors.
AC motors can be classified into single-phase motors and three-phase motors.
2. Classified by structure and operating principle: they can be divided into DC motors, induction motors, and synchronous motors.
The rotor speed of an induction motor is always slightly lower than the synchronous speed of the rotating magnetic field.
The rotor speed of a synchronous motor remains constant at the synchronous speed, regardless of the load magnitude.
3. Classified by application, there are drive motors and control motors.
4. Classified by operating speed, there are high-speed motors, low-speed motors, constant-speed motors, and variable-speed motors.
Low-speed electric motors are further classified into gear-reduction motors, electromagnetic reduction motors, torque motors, and claw-pole synchronous motors, among others.
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